• *The discussion of the creation, fabrication, or modification of airgun moderators is prohibited. The discussion of any "adapters" used to convert an airgun moderator to a firearm silencer will result in immediate termination of the account.*

Analysis of Three Signatures

Here are three signatures from different setups at ~88 yards.

The first is a shot from a Talon P tuned to shoot JSB Heavy (15.89, .20 cal) at 800 fps for about 22 foot pounds. The rifle is bare. The second is a shot from the same rifle with a "Standard" moderator with gyroid infil. This is a .22 caliber moderator which is a~130mm by 30mm with an internal volume that calculates to ~92cc. The third is from that rifle with a "Krait" (which is simply a large "Ember" and you can see more about that moderator in this thread. The "Kriat" is 40mm x 127mm with a calculated volume of ~160cc (almost 75% larger than the "Standard").

The sensor is about 88 yards from the shooting station. Time of flight with a launch velocity of 800 fps for that pellet would be about 386ms. It takes sound about 240ms to traverse 88 yards with todays conditions. That lets us identify the shot signature relative to the loudest part of the "zzziiiippppp" signature of the pellet flying over the sensor. It SHOULD be around 146 ms before the zip.. And we KNOW that the echo can not reach the sensor BEFORE the initial sound because the shortest distance between two points is a straight line SO:

mv-calculation.jpg

That's fun. There are a lot of things you can do with a cell phone and "Audacity". Make a cheap (and accurate) chrony? Sure if you already know the BC and range and have a ballistics program that calculates time to target.

The top track shows a much larger shot signature than the bottom two. I shot three shots each and selected the loudest of the three so that it would be easy to see the peaks on the trace. It sort of confused me a bit when I saw the large discrepancy in muzzle velocity but I puzzled it out. I need to lube that hammer.

Here's the audio, 1) Bare 2) Standard 3) Krait:
 
There is something else going on with those signatures that I find interesting. There is a sine wave present at the start of each of those samples. I've measured the period of that sine wave (from the drawing) at ~7.4ms. That works out to a frequency of ~135 Hz and a wave length of ~8.14 feet. That sine wave is acting as a carrier for the other frequencies associated with the "uncorking" event. I have no idea what it might be. My first guess is the gun is resonating along it's entire length with the hammer impact and the other frequencies are modulating the amplitude of that signal.

The gun is 32.5" long as I have it configured with the Krait on it. That is almost exactly 1/3 the wavelength... so... unlikely culprit. The picnic table upon which I was resting the fore-stock upon is 8' long 35" deep and the point at which I was coupling energy into that table was 1 rifle length from the corner. This raises the possibility that the sine wave we are looking at was created when energy from the shot was coupled to the picnic table through my hand. I shot kneeling with just the back of my support hand resting firmly against the table. It would be interesting if that were where that signal originated. Of course the test would be to shoot off hand from the same spot but it's cold and windy today and I have other things I should be about. So... Maybe tomorrow.

Maybe someone will chime in with their thoughts?

sine-wave.jpg
 
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