Measuring the diameter of a barrel is simply a shortcut to finding the proper sized projectile. You get a measurement to narrow it down. We all know the ideal projectile size will be different from whatever the exact size of the barrel is.
For some purposes like headspace the exact dimensions are critical. For getting a baseline to determine the right size projectile it is not. Its simply a starting point for testing. The differences in the size of a casting or a pushed slug is relatively unimportant. It's just a number to start your experimentation.
A poured lead cast will be closer to the actual dimension of your ideal projectile diameter than a casting of cerrosafe. A cerrosafe casting will be the exact size of the barrel. You can measure the cerrosafe casting and reduce that size a bit for a starting point. Or you can use linotype and start there. Either way it's just a reference point to arrive at the dimension to begin testing. The ideal projectile diameter can't be determined by either method. And either method will provide a suitable place to start.