I have a dead "target" tree in my backyard, 30 yards from the bottom step on the deck, just the right height to sit with shooting sticks. My favorite target is a Tums tablet. A centered hit pulverizes it.
The place I usually shoot at is out where I keep my horses. There is a big canopy out there that has one side stacked high with old hay bales that we use as a backstop. It also has a loft that we climb into and we can shoot down into a dry creek bed 300 yards away.
As has been noted, shooting at golf balls is not a particularly good idea. The odds of being hit are low due to the angles but pellets will rebound off a golf ball and can travel a good distance. I recently shot a 55 gallon drum and hit right at the top edge of one of the raised ridges. The pellet fell onto my shooting table a few seconds after impact. Rebound or ricochet can be dangerous.